Congressmen hit town to discuss tiger salamander
By MICHAEL DOYLE
BEE WASHINGTON BUREAU
Published: October 24, 2003, 09:59:09 AM PDT
WASHINGTON -- The California tiger salamander may be shy, but it has surely found the national spotlight.
Just ask the two congressmen due in Modesto today for a public meeting on the reptile of varied reputation. Some regard the salamander as a victim; others, as a symbol for environmental rules run amok.
The latter interpretation is likely to dominate today's hearing, featuring two San Joaquin Valley lawmakers who share a common skepticism about the Endangered Species Act. In particular, these skeptics say they fear the consequences of the government's proposal to protect the tiger salamander by declaring it a threatened species.
"The problem with these designations is that they are too far-reaching," said Rep. George Radanovich, a Mariposa Republican whose district stretches into Modesto.
Stanislaus County officials agree, saying the salamander protection would have profound consequences on agriculture and the county's authority over land-use decisions.
The Board of Supervisors has taken an official stand against the Fish and Wildlife Service proposal, and pushed for a longer public comment period. The government went along.
Tiger salamanders are about 8 inches long, have pale yellow or white spots on black bodies and can live for as long as a decade.
They are thought to live in about two dozen California counties. The reptiles hatch in vernal pools and seasonal ponds in the Central Valley and Bay Area, and along the Central Coast.
"My own field experiences, and conversations with other herpetologists in California, convinced me the species (is) in quite serious decline," H. Bradley Shaffer, a professor of ecology and evolution at the University of California at Davis, said Thursday.
In 1992, he petitioned the Fish and Wildlife Service to protect the salamander. The agency eventually concluded that such protection would be "warranted" but could not be afforded.
A subsequent lawsuit filed by the Center for Biological Diversity compelled the Fish and Wildlife Service to complete its work on the proposal.
"Waiting doesn't do the species any good," Shaffer said.
Today's scheduled hearing, co-sponsored by Radanovich and Merced Democrat Dennis Cardoza, comes a week before the new deadline for public comment.
With two congressmen involved, the hearing illustrates the high political profile that the tiger salamander has attained, notwithstanding its rarely seen status.
Typically, the salamander spends all but a few weeks of its life in underground burrows. It occasionally pops out on rainy winter nights, when it meanders to vernal pools and stock ponds for mating.
"You almost never see them on the surface," Shaffer said. "They're a secretive animal."
Citing the tiger salamander and other critters, Radanovich and Cardoza are pushing legislation to change how federal officials protect animals and plants.
If the lawmakers cannot block the endangered species listing of the tiger salamander, they want to carve out more exceptions to protect ranchers and other property owners.
The Bush administration appears to offer a sympathetic ear. Earlier this year, the administration cut by 43 percent the number of acres designated as critical habitat for species found in Central Valley vernal pools.
While these vernal pools are protected, Shaffer noted that tiger salamanders need about 350 additional acres around each breeding area.
In a rarely used move, the Fish and Wildlife Service is proposing to exempt routine ranching activities from the normal prohibition against the "take" of the species. Usually, permits are required prior to a take, which can range from killing to habitat disruption.
"We believe that this special rule will encourage landowners and ranchers to continue their livestock-related practices that are not only important for livestock operations, but also provide habitat for the tiger salamander," Fish and Wildlife Service officials explained.
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